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Identification of Factors and Variables Affecting the Quantitative and Qualitative Promotion of Integrated Planning and Management in Urban Management of Karaj Municipality

237-246Full Text

Manouchehr Tabibian*, Alireza Rahimi and Rahim Hashempour

Abstract
The present research, using exploratory-analytic method, aims to identify and prioritize the factors and variables influencing qualitative and quantitative promotion integrated planning and management in urban management of Karaj municipality. The research population consists of over 1300 subjects from all senior, middle, and lower managers and experts in Karaj Municipality and other administrative organizations of Karaj. Using Cochran formula and Morgan table, we have selected 300 people as the sample size. The selection was done through a systematic and eventually simple random sampling. For data analysis, the exploratory factor analysis test and non-parametric Friedman test were used. The software employed was SPSS. The results obtained from exploratory factor analysis indicated that of 40 items of the present research, 5 factors with the titles of the first: integrating and coordinating of the tasks of organizations in a specific framework (15.6), the second factor: developing specialized outlook, policies, and programs common for all organizations (14.6), the third factor: developing a regulatory mechanism to improve administrative processes and increase citizens' satisfaction (12.2), the fourth factor: improving organizational processes in order to update and specialize functions (10.1), and the fifth factor: improving regulations, clarification, and re-engineering the processes of providing services to customers (8.8) constitute 75.8 % of the total variance of the factors and variables influencing qualitative and quantitative promotion integrated planning and management in urban management of Karaj municipality. The non-parametric Friedman test also indicates that from the subjects' perspective: the first three factors: integrating and coordinating of the tasks of organizations in a specific framework, developing specialized outlook, policies, and programs common for all organizations, and developing a regulatory mechanism to improve administrative processes and increase citizens' satisfaction had the highest average in affecting the qualitative and quantitative promotion integrated planning and management in urban management of Karaj municipality, however, the lowest average goes to the fourth and the fifth factors: improving organizational processes in order to update and specialize functions and improving regulations, clarification, and re-engineering the processes of providing services to customers

Investigating the Impact of Customer Satisfaction on Loyalty and Its Relationship with Market Share

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Mohammad Doostar, Mahmoud Moradi and Ali Einizadeh Ghoje Biglo*

Abstract
This study tries to investigate the opinions of potential buyers of commercial automobiles and in accordance with their opinions, scientifically find the impact of customer satisfaction on loyalty and its relationship with the market share. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty, the impact of customer loyalty on the automobile market share and the impact of customer satisfaction on the automobile market share. This research is an applied research which has used the descriptive-survey method. The population in the study was the potential customers in Tehran and the number of samples was 150. After specifying the sample, individuals received the questionnaire and their opinions were analyzed using statistical concepts. To ensure the validity of the questionnaire, I referred to supervisors and other experts in this field and after applying the feedbacks, the initial questionnaire was modified and then approved. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using SPSS equal to 0.908 which shows the reliability of the survey tools. Finally, after data analysis using Amos program, all three main hypotheses including the impacts of satisfaction on loyalty, loyalty on market share, and satisfaction on market share were approved. Among 22 secondary hypotheses, 3 ones were not confirmed and it was found that handling customer complaints on reliability, handling customer complaints on creating the trust, and the quality of performance on automobile market share have no impacts.

Effectiveness of MBCT on Decreased Anxiety and Depression among Divorced Women Living in Tehran, Iran

256-259Full Text

Daryoush Ghasemian, Atefeh Zebarjadi Kuzehkanan* and Ramezan Hassanzadeh

Abstract
Objective: the purpose of the present study was to evaluate effectiveness of MBCT on decreased anxiety and depression among divorced women living in Tehran, Iran. Method: the present study used an experimental method by pre- and post-test; therefore, 20 subjects were selected by convenient sampling and placed randomly in two groups (experiment and control). Both groups completed Beck depression and anxiety questionnaire during the pretreatment phase as well as the last session. MBCT was performed on the experiment group during eight sessions. Data was evaluated using independent t-test. Results: results showed that MBCT significantly (p<0.05) influenced on decreased signs of depression and anxiety. Conclusion: findings showed that MBCT influenced on decreased depression and anxiety among divorced women.

Analysis of rectangular thin plates by using finite difference method

260-267Full Text

Ali Ghods* and Mahyar Mir

Abstract
This paper presents an investigation into the performance evaluation of Finite Difference (FD) method in modeling a rectangular thin plate structure. In case of complex and big construction systems subjected to the arbitrary loads, including a complex boundary conditions, solving of differential equations by analytical methods is almost impossible. Then the solution is application of numerical methods. The differential equations are discretized by means of the finite difference method which are used to determine the in-plane stress functions of plates and reduced to several sets of linear algebraic simultaneous equations. In the end, A problems is solved which illustrate the potential of the method for predicting the finite stress, deflection and farther directions of investigations are given. Finally, it was found that the finite difference method selection is desired to model thin plates structure.

The Differential and Indifferential Identities in Henrik Ibsen’s When We Dead Awaken

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Marziyeh Valizadeh Khorramabadi* and Leila Baradaran Jamili

Abstract
This paper investigates the differential and indifferential identities of the individuals, in the limited society in which the individuals imagine being free in spite of accepting the traditions, and customary laws and ways, in Henrik Ibsen’s When We Dead Awaken. This study can be acquainted with Edward Said’s and Friedrich Nietzsche’s theories of exile and cultural identity. For Said, exile is selfexile, and for Nietzsche, cultural identity means to grasp the superiority which is self-realization and selfunderstanding, and to be mature by shaping a new feature. The main aim in this paper is to portray the feature of intellectual individuals searching for freedom; this freedom is consciousness of self and the result of self-exile because the individuals adapt themselves to exile from the other people and their society. The individuals change their views, thoughts, and behaviors, leave all imposed obligations of any sort, and reject the traditions and limitations of society to be alienated from the others around them. They understand the realities of life by losing all boundaries. Another point is to represent the life of individuals who are not able to transform their situations; it means that these individuals adapt themselves to all social conventions and laws governed the society. They take a form of unity very satisfactorily. Thus, releasing the individuals from the traditional values of society produces differential identity of individuals, and accepting the ancient values of the society in order to be free creates indifferential identity for individuals.

Parenting style and mental health in Iranian adolescents

274-277Full Text

Fatemeh Zare*, Babollah Bakhshipour and Ramezan Hassanzadeh

Abstract
This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting styles and mental health of children. According to the methodology applied the descriptive nature of the correlation method. Sample includes all five areas of the city high school students and their parents from 2012 to 2013 academic year, the number was 12,852 students. To select the sample of Krejce and Morgan table lookup based on sample size of 375 subjects was calculated. Also refer to units of multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. Measuring instrument was a questionnaire that was given to students and their parents. This parenting style questionnaire (PAQ) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), respectively. SPSS 19 statistical software used for data analysis and descriptive statistics and statistical (Pearson correlation test) was used. Results showed a significant positive relationship between three subscale of parenting style and general health.

The effect of the existential approach through group practices on the development of spirituality among the disabled SCI

278-282Full Text

Nazanin Honarparvaran, Zahra Ghaderi, Dariush Esfandiari Bayat* and Mehrazar Cheraghi

Abstract
This study used a quasi-experimental method to evaluate the effectiveness of group counseling through the existential approach on the development of spirituality and its dimensions (spiritual prosperity, unity, and bond) among the disabled SCI in the city of Shiraz. The population included all SCI disabled in the city whose disability was between 5 to 10 years long. Using simple random sampling, 70 participants were selected from the database at the office of welfare in the city. Later 20 patients who scored above 9 in the test of hopelessness and below the mean in the test of spiritual growth were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group went through 10 Session of training in existential approach techniques each lasting for an hour and a half and the spiritual questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results showed that group counseling with existential approach significantly affects the spiritual growth and its subscales.

Compare the Obsessive-compulsive disorders between coronary heart disease and healthy subjects

283-286Full Text

Hamideh Pour Omidi Jirandeh*, Iraj Shakeri nia and Bahman Akbari Kavabari

Abstract
The aim of present study was to investigate the compare the Obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) between coronary heart disease (CHD) and healthy subjects. This cross sectional descriptive analytic study was performed on 93 CHD attending the Heshmat heart center (Rasht, Iran) and another 99 healthy subject was selected to go to different region of Rasht city. Participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Data were recorded in SCL- 90-R and structured researcher questionnaires. The information derived from this questionnaire was first entered into an SPSS-15 software system and subsequently analyzed using independent T-test. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Our findings showed the higher score of OCD in CHD compare to healthy subjects and difference was significance.

Effectiveness of happiness teaching with Fordyce method on belonging to school of students

287-290Full Text

Akram Shater Dalal Yazdi and Khadijeh Abolmaali*

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching happiness with Fordyce method on the increase of belonging of second grade junior -high school students of area 6 of Tehran in 2012-2013.The methodology of this research was semi-experimental, pre-test, post-test with control group. First two schools were randomly selected, then after screening and selection of people who have happiness a low sense of belongingness, people of sample group were selected and replaced in experimental and control group. Experimental group was taught happiness in 8 session of one –hour long and control group didn’t receive any training. All participants had taken school belongingness test before and after the implementation of independent variable. For data analysis t–test in independent groups was used in order to compare differential marks. Results showed that teaching happiness with Fordyce method leads to increase of school belongingness.

Product of Locally Nilpotent Groups

291-294Full Text

B. Razzaghmaneshi

Abstract
A group is said to be locally nilpotent if every finitely generated subgroup of the group is nilpotent. In this paper we show that if the group G=AB=AK=BK be the product of three locally nilpotent subgroups A,B, and K, where K is normal in G. And G has finite abelian section rank, then G is locally nilpotent and hence hypercentral.

Effects of mycorrhiza and nitrogen fertilizer on quantitative traits of wheat

295-297Full Text

Mohsen Noori, Hamid Reza Mobasser, Khashayar Rigi*, Mohsen Heidari and Alireza Keykha

Abstract
In this study, research crops planted in 2011, and Khash mountain stage carried the gem industry. This study is a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and all experiments were performed with different levels. In this experiment, a variety of wheat called clear that improved cultivars were used. In this study, the use of mycorrhiza fungus causing wheat height was not significantly affected. Nitrogen at 5% caused no significant effect on wheat is high. Analysis of variance tests indicate that mycorrhiza nitrogen effects on maize plant height was significant. Mycorrhiza observed in this experiment has a significant effect on the level of 1 % of the seed weight. Different levels of nitrogen on wheat yield has increased , the analysis of variance shows that the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield of wheat plants was significantly more effective at the higher levels . The results show that the variance mycorrhiza result in any significant effect on number of grains per panicle is not. In this experiment, the number of grains per spike were not affected by nitrogen application had no significant effect on the number of seeds in a cluster is not.

Effect of entrepreneur on science and IT parks

298-302Full Text

Jamileh Hadizadeh

Abstract
World in recent years was the testimonial of information and communication revulotion and make huge social evolutions, and according to that the current century is registed as the name of information and communication technology. Undoubtedly, entrepreneurs have major share and special role in the development of modern technologies. Although, these thechnologies do affect on entrepreneur and in other hand, made the modern entrepreneur. So, in the information and communication era, with respect to the occupations, for establishing new and variety jobs along with the technology evolutions and specially IT, it is necessary to know the nature of these occupations. In informational and communication era, the people`s insight and knowledge increase, and the total world human`s activities achieve to balance and been controlled in the communicational networks. Iformation and communication are two neccessary tools for every entrepreneur activity. Information technology and new commucation make excellent changes in bringing it information and provides powerful communication grounds. These technologies inhance importance and value the information and communication. As result, entrepreneur benefits from this technology such as other. Science parks and information technology had successful usage in it. In present paper, we used of descriptive-library method. The perpose of paper is to study the entrepreneur affects on science and IT parks. In present paper illusterate definition entrepreneur, IT and communication, science and Technology Park and the role of entrepreneur in develop; personality features in entrepreneur, importance and difference in entrepreneur with management and entrepreneur in science and Technology Park and then we give conceptual model from entrepreneur aspect and IT.

An investigation on the participation rate of women in the urban environmental conservation

303-306Full Text

Nosrat Ganjali*, Masume Hafez Reza Zadeh and Gholam Reza Miri

Abstract
Humans and environment interact in many different ways. New buildings and the associated land use for example cause a complex set of environmental, social, urban and economic interactions. Women’s direct contact with environment has produced their deep- knowledge about the environment. Thus, women have served as agriculturalists, water resources managers, and traditional scientists, among others. Women are not only knowledgeable about the environment; they are also protective and caring. Women, being primarily responsible for domestic and household management, interact more intensively with both the natural environment and build the environment more than men. Consequently, they are more likely to suffer from a degraded home, neighborhood, and city environment and to shoulder more of the burden that goes with living in poor housing and communities with inadequate residential and health infrastructure, since they spend more time at home and its immediate vicinity.

Effect of different levels of vermicompost on growth characteristics and flowering geranium

307-309Full Text

Shirin Borji, Mohsen Khodadadi and Hamid Reza Mobasser*

Abstract
Floriculture and ornamental plants in the country in terms of having the perfect climatic conditions is of utmost importance. Therefore, the present study was to investigate the effect of different doses of vermicompost on the growth characteristics of three species of geranium done. During the experiment, traits such as stem diameter, percent leaf nitrogen, bulk density, true- examined. The aim of this experiment was to examine the effects of vermicompost fertilizer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and fertilizer system with less. Results showed that 50 % of vermicompost fertilizer treatments better effects than other treatments on growth and flowering characteristics is cranesbill. After 50% vermicompost fertilizer treatments, the treatment effect of 70% better than other treatments on growth and flowering characteristics of the geranium plant.

Evaluate the effects of different types of compost in potting cultivation bed on growth characteristics and petunia flowering cultivars (Petunia hybrida)

310-314Full Text

Alem Alsadat Jabari, Shirin Borji, Mohsen Khodadadi and Hamid Reza Mobasser*

Abstract
Petunia (Petunia×hybrida) belongs to the Solanaceae family. Composting relies upon an indigenous population of microorganisms from the environment carried by most organic materials. Microorganisms are, in general, inefficient in trapping energy released during the oxidation of organic substrates. Energy that is not biochemically captured in the catabolic degradation of substrates is dissipated to the environment as heat. In this study the effects of two factors factorial based on completely randomized design with five replicates were analyzed. Factors investigated in this study include: different types of compost (A), which includes the following areas: soil only (control) (a1), 25 percent Azocompost (a2), 25% vermicompost (a3), 25% compost (a4 ). Variety of factors (B) at three levels: petunia vs. Bravo pink (b1), petunia figure Flash Red (b2), petunia digits Prism Sunshine (b3). In this experiment, a total of 12 treatments and four replications examined.

Effect of intercropping in agronomy

315-320Full Text

Hossein Moradi, Mohsen Noori ,Alireza Sobhkhizi, Mohammad Fahramand and Khashayar Rigi*

Abstract
The main purpose of intercropping is to produce a greater yield on a given piece of land by making use of resources that would otherwise not be utilized by a single crop efficiently. The main subject of intercropping is to augment total productivity per unit area and time, besides judicious and equitable utilization of land resources and farming inputs including labors. Intercropping which is the practice of growing more than one crop simultaneously in alternating rows of the same field. Intercropping being a unique property of tropical and sub-tropical areas is becoming popular day by day among small farmers as it offers the possibility of yield advantage relative to sole cropping through yield stability and improved yield.

The effect of attunement between organizational processes and organizational learning culture on organizational performance with mediatory role of dynamic capacity (case study: Tehran Tourism Bank)

321-328Full Text

Syros Tadbiri* and Mohhamad kazem Gholami

Abstract
The present study examines the effect of attunement between organizational processes and organizational learning culture on organizational performance with mediatory role of dynamic capacity in Tehran Tourism Bank. The research type is descriptive/ correlational. The statistical population is all employees of Tehran Tourism bank. The research tool is Yuan hang and et.al (2010) Questionnaire. The analysis of the collected data was carried out with the help of SPSS and LISREL software's. The results showed that dynamic capacity and organizational process have a significant positive effect on organizational performance. In addition, organizational process has no significant effect on the dynamic capability and finally, the variable of dynamic capacity, has a mediatory role for variables of organizational learning culture on organizational performance.

Diagnosis of Financial Corruption of Iranian Banking System

329-336Full Text

Nazar Heidari*, Parvin Choulaki and Karamollah Heidari

Abstract
In many countries of the world, banking system financial corruption has become a central issue and a major obstacle to the course of national development. Basically, financial corruption stands on the opposite side of “accountability” and “governance of law”, undermining public trust in government and particularly the banks. Iranian banking system has always been encountered by major dilemmas which are attributed to type of ownership, type of activities, governing laws, scarce resources, number of supervising bodies, hardware/software inefficiencies, lack of understanding and trainings as well as improper managerial methods. This research aims to conduct a course of diagnosis on Iranian banking system. This is a survey research with bank staff, professionals and academic professors as statistical population. Random cluster method was used for sampling which were ultimately 196 individuals in size. For the purpose of data collection, questionnaire was used, then Likrat tests was used to analyze data, and reliability and validity were ensured using Cranach Alpha. Descriptive statistics such a frequency distribution/frequency percentage tables and column figures were used to review demographic variables of the statistical population of this research and to determine frequency distribution of respondents of questioners. Further, deductive statistical including Pearson test was used to find the relationship between factors and Friedman test was used to prioritize such factors using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Results indicate that each factor has a significant role on financial corruption in banks.

Actualizing Identity, Self-Actualization in Emily Dickinson’s Poetry

337-343Full Text

Nasim Zahedi Doost* and Leila Baradaran Jamili

Abstract
Searching for or actualizing identity is to become what one truly is, indeed, selfactualization refers to the fact of using one’s ability to achieve the meaning of life as much as he can. Having a strong identity, which helps people to be successful in their life, needs a strong self-confidence. Actualizing identity helps man to find a sense of selfhood resulting in or leading to a sense of selfactualization. In this sense, Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (1830-1886), the American poet, who was greatly influenced by Ralph Waldo Emerson’s (1803-1882) doctrine of self-reliance, attempts to reach selfactualization. Dickinson’s poems, offering the power and completeness of self, show a theme of selfhood, autonomy and self-actualization. For instance, “The Soul Selects her own Society,” “On a Columnar Self, You’ll Know it,” and “I’m Ceded—I’ve Stopped Being Their’s—” are some of her famous poems, which contain a lot of signs of actualizing identity and self-actualization; they also emphasize the soul’s power. The present paper uses the theory of self-actualization by Abraham Harold Maslow (19081970) and Carl Rogers (1902-1987), to challenge and analyze different aspects of actualization, and self-actualization in Dickinson’s poetry. It develops this idea that Dickinson, as a spiritualist and a selfactualized poet, consciously chooses such a subject for her poems.

An approach to crim prevention in juvenile crim

344-349Full Text

Nabiollah Gholami

Abstract
Nowadays One of the major problems Facing humanities scholars, especially criminologistsiis problem of juvenile delinquency. Despite numerous theories presented in the context of prevention of crimes committed by children, have followed the rising crime procedural.This paper examines the environmental impacts on the environment, the prevention of crime committed by juveniles and the situation has been and the effect of family environment, social dynamics and the role of authority is specifically taken into consideration. Finally Using theoretical, legal, and other humanities and social sciences, including psychology strategies on crime prevention point has been emphasized.